Based on U.S. Department of Education data (October 2025 release). Some figures are estimates based on similar programs β see details below.
Analysis
Physics and astronomy bachelor's degrees notoriously lead graduates into additional education before meaningful earnings kick in, and the estimated figures here reflect that reality. Based on comparable programs nationally, first-year earnings around $40,000 are typical, but these numbers capture graduates immediately after their bachelor'sβmany of whom are heading to graduate school or taking temporary research positions before their real careers begin. The estimated $21,000 in debt sits below the national median for astronomy programs, which offers some cushion during those transitional years.
The challenge with this field is that a bachelor's alone rarely opens doors to astronomy careers; most graduates either pivot to related industries like data analysis or software, or they continue to graduate programs where the debt and opportunity cost compound. If your student is genuinely committed to astronomy research, understand that this is just the first credential in a long educational path. If they're keeping options open, the physics and math foundation transfers reasonably well to tech sectors where those $40,000 starting salaries can climb quickly.
The practical question: can your family weather several years of modest earnings while your student either completes graduate work or finds their footing in an adjacent field? The debt burden is manageable if the transition happens smoothly, but astronomy bachelor's degrees demand either exceptional clarity about the career path or flexibility to redirect those quantitative skills into more immediate opportunities.
Where University of Kansas Stands
Earnings vs. debt across all astronomy and astrophysics bachelors's programs nationally
Compare to Similar Programs Nationally
Astronomy and Astrophysics bachelors's programs at top institutions nationally
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| School | In-State Tuition | Earnings (1yr)* | Earnings (4yr) | Median Debt* | Debt/Earnings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| $11,700 | $40,119* | β | $21,412* | β | |
| $14,850 | $54,746* | β | $19,500* | 0.36 | |
| $11,205 | $45,783* | β | $19,500* | 0.43 | |
| $16,430 | $45,066* | $50,573 | $22,324* | 0.50 | |
| $14,560 | $35,171* | β | $20,500* | 0.58 | |
| $15,988 | $33,373* | β | β* | β | |
| National Median | β | $40,118* | β | $23,787* | 0.59 |
Career Paths
Occupations commonly associated with astronomy and astrophysics graduates
Astronomers
Physicists
Natural Sciences Managers
Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary
Physics Teachers, Postsecondary
About This Data
Source: U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard (October 2025 release)
Population: Graduates who received federal financial aid (Title IV grants or loans). At University of Kansas, approximately 20% of students receive Pell grants. Students who did not receive federal aid are not included in these figures.
Earnings: Median earnings from IRS W-2 data for graduates who are employed and not enrolled in further education, measured 1 year after completion. Earnings are pre-tax and include wages, salaries, and self-employment income.
Debt: Median cumulative federal loan debt at graduation. Does not include private loans or Parent PLUS loans borrowed on behalf of students.
Estimated Earnings: Actual earnings data is not available for this program (typically due to privacy thresholds when fewer than 30 graduates reported earnings). The estimate shown is based on the national median of 6 similar programs. Actual outcomes may vary.