Analysis
University of Northern Iowa's biology program outperforms most of its competitors on the metric that matters most: managing debt while delivering solid earnings growth. At $21,500 in median debt—nearly $6,000 below the state average—graduates start their careers with breathing room that students at pricier Iowa schools don't get. While first-year earnings of $36,286 trail the top programs in the state by roughly $5,000-$7,000, the 37% earnings growth to $49,536 by year four shows graduates are finding their footing in competitive positions, whether that's graduate school preparation, research roles, or healthcare pathways.
The value equation here is straightforward: UNI charges significantly less than Drake or Grinnell while producing graduates who earn more than the typical Iowa biology major. Yes, Upper Iowa and Grand View graduates start with higher salaries, but the question is whether that $6,000-$7,000 gap justifies potentially higher debt loads elsewhere. For families prioritizing affordability—and UNI's 94% admission rate makes it accessible to most applicants—this program delivers respectable outcomes without the financial strain.
The moderate sample size means these numbers reflect real graduate outcomes, not statistical noise. For a student planning on graduate school in health sciences or research, starting with manageable debt from UNI beats graduating from a more expensive program with the same career timeline ahead.
Where University of Northern Iowa Stands
Earnings vs. debt across all biology bachelors's programs nationally
Earnings Distribution
How University of Northern Iowa graduates compare to all programs nationally
Earnings Over Time
How earnings evolve from 1 year to 4 years after graduation
| School | 1 Year | 4 Years | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|
| University of Northern Iowa | $36,286 | $49,536 | +37% |
| Drake University | $41,226 | $63,077 | +53% |
| Saint Ambrose University | $30,825 | $61,468 | +99% |
| Wartburg College | $34,398 | $60,804 | +77% |
| Morningside University | $32,620 | $52,416 | +61% |
Compare to Similar Programs in Iowa
Biology bachelors's programs at peer institutions in Iowa (26 total in state)
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| School | In-State Tuition | Earnings (1yr) | Earnings (4yr) | Median Debt | Debt/Earnings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| $9,728 | $36,286 | $49,536 | $21,500 | 0.59 | |
| $19,000 | $43,311 | — | $27,000 | 0.62 | |
| $33,450 | $43,237 | $48,797 | $26,000 | 0.60 | |
| $49,944 | $41,226 | $63,077 | $25,343 | 0.61 | |
| $52,576 | $41,112 | $48,877 | $27,000 | 0.66 | |
| $64,862 | $37,170 | $48,846 | $17,500 | 0.47 | |
| National Median | — | $32,316 | — | $25,000 | 0.77 |
Career Paths
Occupations commonly associated with biology graduates
Natural Sciences Managers
Clinical Research Coordinators
Water Resource Specialists
Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists
Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary
Forensic Science Technicians
Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education
Biological Technicians
Agricultural Technicians
Precision Agriculture Technicians
Food Science Technicians
Biological Scientists, All Other
About This Data
Source: U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard (October 2025 release)
Population: Graduates who received federal financial aid (Title IV grants or loans). At University of Northern Iowa, approximately 24% of students receive Pell grants. Students who did not receive federal aid are not included in these figures.
Earnings: Median earnings from IRS W-2 data for graduates who are employed and not enrolled in further education, measured 1 year after completion. Earnings are pre-tax and include wages, salaries, and self-employment income.
Debt: Median cumulative federal loan debt at graduation. Does not include private loans or Parent PLUS loans borrowed on behalf of students.
Sample Size: Based on 63 graduates with reported earnings and 101 graduates with debt data. Small samples may not be representative.