Analysis
A University of Minnesota-Twin Cities physics degree outperforms the national median by more than $6,600 in first-year earnings, placing graduates in the 74th percentile nationally. The $54,350 starting salary and manageable $23,594 debt load create a debt-to-earnings ratio of 0.43βmeaning graduates owe less than half their first-year salary. Within Minnesota's physics programs, U of M sits right at the median for earnings, but that's actually meaningful context: Minnesota physics graduates overall earn considerably more than the national average, so meeting the state median still means beating three-quarters of physics programs nationwide.
The earnings trajectory shows modest but steady growth to $57,831 by year four, a 6% increase that's typical for physics graduates who often need advanced degrees or additional training to unlock higher earning potential. The moderate sample size suggests this program graduates enough students to provide reliable data without being a diploma mill. For an accessible flagship (77% admission rate) with strong academics (1359 SAT), these outcomes represent solid value.
The real advantage here is paying flagship tuition while achieving outcomes that exceed most private alternatives. Parents should expect their child may need graduate school for significant salary jumps, but the bachelor's degree provides a financially stable foundation with debt that won't derail those plans.
Where University of Minnesota-Twin Cities Stands
Earnings vs. debt across all physics bachelors's programs nationally
Earnings Distribution
How University of Minnesota-Twin Cities graduates compare to all programs nationally
Earnings Over Time
How earnings evolve from 1 year to 4 years after graduation
| School | 1 Year | 4 Years | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|
| University of Minnesota-Twin Cities | $54,350 | $57,831 | +6% |
| Massachusetts Institute of Technology | $54,773 | $166,156 | +203% |
| University of California-Santa Barbara | $53,597 | $88,722 | +66% |
| Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | $60,348 | $88,071 | +46% |
| Portland State University | $62,749 | $83,259 | +33% |
Compare to Similar Programs Nationally
Physics bachelors's programs at top institutions nationally
Scroll to see more β
| School | In-State Tuition | Earnings (1yr) | Earnings (4yr) | Median Debt | Debt/Earnings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| $16,488 | $54,350 | $57,831 | $23,594 | 0.43 | |
| $7,214 | $70,150 | β | $28,750 | 0.41 | |
| $6,496 | $68,664 | $76,268 | β | β | |
| $66,104 | $68,215 | β | β | β | |
| $50,920 | $65,316 | β | $23,250 | 0.36 | |
| $7,439 | $64,045 | $51,682 | $23,000 | 0.36 | |
| National Median | β | $47,670 | β | $23,304 | 0.49 |
Career Paths
Occupations commonly associated with physics graduates
Physicists
Natural Sciences Managers
Clinical Research Coordinators
Water Resource Specialists
Physics Teachers, Postsecondary
Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education
About This Data
Source: U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard (October 2025 release)
Population: Graduates who received federal financial aid (Title IV grants or loans). At University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, approximately 17% of students receive Pell grants. Students who did not receive federal aid are not included in these figures.
Earnings: Median earnings from IRS W-2 data for graduates who are employed and not enrolled in further education, measured 1 year after completion. Earnings are pre-tax and include wages, salaries, and self-employment income.
Debt: Median cumulative federal loan debt at graduation. Does not include private loans or Parent PLUS loans borrowed on behalf of students.
Sample Size: Based on 32 graduates with reported earnings and 40 graduates with debt data. Small samples may not be representative.