Analysis
Harvard's estimated outcomes for mathematics graduates fall surprisingly below what you'd expect from the nation's most selective university. While comparable programs across Massachusetts suggest first-year earnings around $62,000 against $19,000 in debt—a healthy ratio that beats the national picture—these same Massachusetts estimates pale against what MIT and Tufts actually report for their math graduates, who earn nearly double in year one.
This gap likely reflects the reality that many Harvard math majors pursue graduate school or prestigious but lower-paying fellowships immediately after graduation, choices enabled by the university's wealthy alumni network and strong graduate school placement. The low debt figure is typical for Harvard, where generous financial aid (even with just 16% on Pell grants) keeps borrowing manageable. The 0.31 debt-to-earnings ratio suggests solid fundamentals if your child goes straight to work.
The challenge is that these state-wide estimates tell you little about Harvard specifically. If your child plans to leverage a Harvard degree toward finance, tech, or quantitative roles—where the brand carries enormous weight—early earnings could vastly exceed these estimates. If they're headed to a PhD program or teaching, initial earnings matter less than Harvard's track record of opening doors. Without actual program data, you're betting on the university's broader reputation rather than documented outcomes for mathematics specifically.
Where Harvard University Stands
Earnings vs. debt across all mathematics bachelors's programs nationally
Compare to Similar Programs in Massachusetts
Mathematics bachelors's programs at peer institutions in Massachusetts (44 total in state)
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| School | In-State Tuition | Earnings (1yr)* | Earnings (4yr) | Median Debt* | Debt/Earnings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| $59,076 | $61,761* | — | $19,334* | — | |
| $67,844 | $110,512* | — | $17,750* | 0.16 | |
| $60,156 | $109,288* | $180,882 | $10,003* | 0.09 | |
| $67,280 | $78,500* | $109,199 | $14,745* | 0.19 | |
| $63,141 | $76,392* | $90,232 | $21,750* | 0.28 | |
| $58,150 | $74,737* | — | $19,334* | 0.26 | |
| National Median | — | $48,772* | — | $21,500* | 0.44 |
Career Paths
Occupations commonly associated with mathematics graduates
Natural Sciences Managers
Clinical Research Coordinators
Water Resource Specialists
Data Scientists
Business Intelligence Analysts
Clinical Data Managers
Mathematicians
Statisticians
Biostatisticians
Mathematical Science Teachers, Postsecondary
Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education
Mathematical Science Occupations, All Other
About This Data
Source: U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard (October 2025 release)
Population: Graduates who received federal financial aid (Title IV grants or loans). At Harvard University, approximately 16% of students receive Pell grants. Students who did not receive federal aid are not included in these figures.
Earnings: Median earnings from IRS W-2 data for graduates who are employed and not enrolled in further education, measured 1 year after completion. Earnings are pre-tax and include wages, salaries, and self-employment income.
Debt: Median cumulative federal loan debt at graduation. Does not include private loans or Parent PLUS loans borrowed on behalf of students.
Estimated Earnings: Actual earnings data is not available for this program (typically due to privacy thresholds when fewer than 30 graduates reported earnings). The estimate shown is based on the median of 15 similar programs in MA. Actual outcomes may vary.