Analysis
Tennessee State's biology program offers something rare: it outperforms most Tennessee institutions despite serving a predominantly first-generation, low-income student population. At $40,923 four years after graduation, these biology majors earn nearly $13,500 more than the Tennessee median—ranking in the 60th percentile statewide. That's particularly notable given the university's 93% admission rate and the fact that over half its students receive Pell grants.
The trajectory here matters more than the starting point. First-year earnings of $30,672 lag slightly behind the national figure, but the 33% growth to year four suggests graduates are gaining traction in their careers or moving into better-paying positions. The debt load of $29,375 sits right at about one year's mid-career salary—manageable if that upward earnings trend continues. While TSU biology graduates earn less than peers at Middle Tennessee State or University of Memphis, they're competing effectively within Tennessee's healthcare and research job market.
For families weighing affordability against outcomes, this program delivers solid returns relative to its peers in Tennessee. The combination of reasonable debt and improving earnings makes it a viable path for students who need an accessible entry point into biology careers without the price tag of more selective institutions.
Where Tennessee State University Stands
Earnings vs. debt across all biology bachelors's programs nationally
Earnings Distribution
How Tennessee State University graduates compare to all programs nationally
Earnings Over Time
How earnings evolve from 1 year to 4 years after graduation
| School | 1 Year | 4 Years | Growth |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tennessee State University | $30,672 | $40,923 | +33% |
| Lipscomb University | $20,387 | $52,176 | +156% |
| Middle Tennessee State University | $35,986 | $46,822 | +30% |
| Tennessee Technological University | $25,087 | $44,849 | +79% |
| The University of Tennessee-Knoxville | $27,487 | $44,486 | +62% |
Compare to Similar Programs in Tennessee
Biology bachelors's programs at peer institutions in Tennessee (37 total in state)
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| School | In-State Tuition | Earnings (1yr) | Earnings (4yr) | Median Debt | Debt/Earnings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| $8,568 | $30,672 | $40,923 | $29,375 | 0.96 | |
| $9,506 | $35,986 | $46,822 | $21,500 | 0.60 | |
| $10,344 | $32,145 | $39,689 | $25,000 | 0.78 | |
| $10,144 | $29,643 | $43,959 | $20,000 | 0.67 | |
| $54,892 | $28,901 | — | $23,465 | 0.81 | |
| $9,950 | $28,138 | $37,032 | $20,625 | 0.73 | |
| National Median | — | $32,316 | — | $25,000 | 0.77 |
Career Paths
Occupations commonly associated with biology graduates
Natural Sciences Managers
Clinical Research Coordinators
Water Resource Specialists
Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists
Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary
Forensic Science Technicians
Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education
Biological Technicians
Agricultural Technicians
Precision Agriculture Technicians
Food Science Technicians
Biological Scientists, All Other
About This Data
Source: U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard (October 2025 release)
Population: Graduates who received federal financial aid (Title IV grants or loans). At Tennessee State University, approximately 52% of students receive Pell grants. Students who did not receive federal aid are not included in these figures.
Earnings: Median earnings from IRS W-2 data for graduates who are employed and not enrolled in further education, measured 1 year after completion. Earnings are pre-tax and include wages, salaries, and self-employment income.
Debt: Median cumulative federal loan debt at graduation. Does not include private loans or Parent PLUS loans borrowed on behalf of students.
Sample Size: Based on 35 graduates with reported earnings and 47 graduates with debt data. Small samples may not be representative.